Portugal Disability Pension Calculator
How much is Portugal’s disability pension? The Social Security disability pension is calculated like the old-age pension: your career-average salary times the global formation rate, but with shorter qualifying periods (5 years for relative invalidity, 3 for absolute) and legally guaranteed minimum values. Choose the invalidity type, enter your average salary and years of contributions for an educational estimate.
Use the average salary of your whole career (the reference remuneration, on a 14-month basis), not your last salary. Career years are calendar years with registered earnings at Social Security (as a rule, with at least 120 days of contributions).
Relative: you cannot earn more than 1/3 of your salary in your own profession. Absolute: definitive incapacity for any work. The incapacity is always certified by Social Security's Incapacity Verification System (SVI).
The statutory pension (average salary × global formation rate of 49.9%) is above the legal minimum for your case (€394.82), so that is what you receive.
How the figure is reached
| Qualifying period (5 years with registered earnings) | met |
| Global formation rate (minimum 30%, maximum 92%) | 49.9% |
| Statutory pension (average salary × rate) | €599.12 |
| Legal minimum in 2026 | €394.82 · does not apply |
| Monthly pension received | €599.12 |
With relative invalidity you may work in a different profession, within accumulation limits (up to 2 times the reference remuneration in the 1st year; in the same profession, up to 100% of the reference remuneration).
Under the voluntary social insurance, the qualifying period for absolute invalidity is 72 months of contributions.
Educational estimate: it uses today's average salary (without the official revaluation of older earnings), assumes the regime of those enrolled since 2002, and does not compute the provisional pension, the supplements or the IRS. The incapacity itself is assessed by the SVI, not by this calculator.
This calculator provides educational estimates and does not constitute financial advice.
Relative or absolute invalidity
Relative invalidity is permanent incapacity for your own profession: you cannot earn more than a third of your salary in it, with no recovery expected within 3 years. Absolute invalidity is definitive incapacity for any work, lasting until the normal retirement age. In both cases the incapacity is assessed and certified by Social Security’s Incapacity Verification System (SVI); the calculator estimates the amount, not the incapacity.
The qualifying period: 5 or 3 years
Entitlement requires 5 calendar years with registered earnings for relative invalidity and 3 years for absolute invalidity (72 months of contributions under the voluntary social insurance). A year counts, as a rule, with at least 120 days of contributions. One important exception: those who exhausted the 1,095 days of sickness benefit and are certified with permanent incapacity qualify with no minimum period at all.
The formula: average salary × formation rate
The statutory pension is the reference remuneration (your career-average monthly salary, on a 14-month basis) multiplied by the global formation rate. Up to 20 years of career the rate is 2% per year, with a global minimum of 30%; from 21 years, the annual rate varies between 2% and 2.3% by salary brackets in multiples of the IAS (€537.13 in 2026), with a global maximum of 92%. It is exactly the old-age pension formula.
The 2026 minimum values
If the statutory pension falls below the legal minimum, you receive the minimum. For relative invalidity the minimum depends on your career: €341.08 under 15 years, €357.80 from 15 to 20, €394.82 from 21 to 30 and €493.52 with 31 or more years. For absolute invalidity the minimum is always €493.52, the value of a 40-year career. The pension is paid 14 times a year, doubled in July and December.
Working while on a disability pension
With absolute invalidity the pension cannot be combined with work income. With relative invalidity you may work in a different profession, within limits: in the profession that led to the pension, up to 100% of the reference remuneration; in a different one, pension + salary is capped at 2 times the reference remuneration in year 1, 1.75 in year 2, 1.5 in year 3 and 1.33 from year 4 on. Pensioners who work and contribute also earn a yearly increase to the pension.
Worked example
Take relative invalidity, a career-average salary of €1,200 and 22 years of contributions. By the brackets: €590.84 at 2.3%, plus €483.42 at 2.25%, plus €125.74 at 2.2% gives about €27.23 per year of career; over 22 years the global rate reaches about 49.9% and the statutory pension is €599.12 a month (€8,387.68 a year, over 14 payments). As it sits above the 21-to-30-year minimum (€394.82), that is what is paid. With low salaries the minimum decides: at €900 and 8 years the statutory figure would be €270 (30%) and the €341.08 minimum is paid instead; for absolute invalidity the minimum is always €493.52.
Frequently asked questions
What is the difference between relative and absolute invalidity?
How many years of contributions does the disability pension require?
How is the disability pension calculated?
What is the minimum disability pension in 2026?
Can I work and receive a disability pension?
What happens to the pension at retirement age?
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Sources
- Guia Prático: Pensão de Invalidez (condições, fórmula e valores mínimos) · Instituto da Segurança Social
- Portaria n.º 480-B/2025/1: valores mínimos das pensões de invalidez e velhice para 2026 · Diário da República
- Decreto-Lei n.º 187/2007, de 10 de maio: regime das pensões de invalidez e velhice · Diário da República
Author: Thorben Rasmus Idel · Reviewed by: Nahar Geva · Last reviewed: 2026-08-01