Compound Interest Calculator
Compound interest is interest that earns interest on the interest already accrued. By reinvesting what you earn, your money grows faster over time. Use the calculator to see how much you could accumulate, in euros, from an initial amount plus monthly contributions.
Year-by-year breakdown
| Year | Interest | Balance |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | €79 | €2,279 |
| 2 | €224 | €3,624 |
| 3 | €437 | €5,037 |
| 4 | €722 | €6,522 |
| 5 | €1,084 | €8,084 |
| 6 | €1,525 | €9,725 |
| 7 | €2,051 | €11,451 |
| 8 | €2,665 | €13,265 |
| 9 | €3,371 | €15,171 |
| 10 | €4,175 | €17,175 |
Educational estimate, not financial advice. Returns are not guaranteed.
Video: how to use the calculator
What compound interest is
Unlike simple interest (which is earned only on the initial capital), compound interest is also earned on the interest already credited. Each period the balance grows, and so does the base the next interest is calculated on. It is "interest on interest": over short horizons the difference is small, over long horizons it becomes enormous.
The formula and how to calculate it
With monthly compounding and regular contributions: FV = P·(1+i)^n + PMT·((1+i)^n − 1)/i, where P is the initial capital, PMT the monthly contribution, i the annual rate divided by 12 and n the number of months. The calculator applies this month by month: just enter the initial amount, the contribution, the rate and the term, with no manual maths.
What moves the result most
Time is the most powerful factor: the earlier you start, the more compounding cycles occur, and the final years earn the most because they act on the balance already built up. The interest rate and how regularly you contribute come next. Delaying the start costs more than it seems: you lose one of the most valuable cycles, the last one.
The rule of 72: how long until money doubles
A handy mental shortcut: divide 72 by the annual rate (as a percentage) to get the approximate number of years capital takes to double. At 4% a year it doubles in about 18 years, at 6% in 12 years, at 8% in 9 years. It is an approximation, not an exact calculation, but it shows how higher rates and longer horizons reinforce each other. You can confirm the exact figure in the calculator.
Where you meet compound interest in practice
In Portugal the effect shows up in term deposits that capitalise interest, in Certificados de Aforro (accrued interest is added to capital quarterly), in PPR retirement plans and in accumulating funds and ETFs, which automatically reinvest their income. The same mechanism also works against you in debt: on a credit card, unpaid interest itself accrues interest.
Gross interest, taxes and inflation
Two factors reduce the real result. First, taxes: in Portugal interest income is generally taxed at a flat 28% withholding rate, so what compounds year after year is the after-tax interest. Second, inflation: a balance growing 5% a year with 2% inflation only gains about 3% in purchasing power. Use a prudent rate and think in real terms.
Worked example
With €1,000 to start and €100 per month, at a 5% annual rate over 10 years, you invest €13,000 in total and end with about €17,175: over €4,000 comes from compound interest alone. Keeping the same plan, after 20 years you would have about €43,816 (€25,000 invested) and after 30 years about €87,694 (€37,000 invested). At 30 years, more than half of the final value is interest: that is the typical acceleration of compounding.
Frequently asked questions
How do you calculate compound interest?
What is the difference between simple and compound interest?
What is the rule of 72?
How much does €10,000 earn with compound interest?
How often is interest compounded?
Where do I get compound interest in practice?
Is compound interest taxed in Portugal?
What happens if I start 5 years later?
Are the results guaranteed?
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Sources
- Todos Contam: Portal de educação financeira · Banco de Portugal
Author: Thorben Rasmus Idel · Reviewed by: Nahar Geva · Last reviewed: 2026-07-11